Browsing by Author "Jane Mburu, Ephraim Gukelberger, Paul Mwangi Robert Kinyua and Jan Hoinkis"

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    Cost-benefit Analysis for a Containerized MBR System for Treatment of Fish Processing Wastewater for Industries in Kisumu, Kenya and Comparison to Wastewater Stabilization Ponds and Activated Sludge Process
    (Boffin Access Limited, 2020-08-16) Jane Mburu, Ephraim Gukelberger, Paul Mwangi Robert Kinyua and Jan Hoinkis
    The study aimed to calculate a cost benefit analysis for a containerized membrane bioreactors (MBR) system with flow capacity of 10m3 per day, suitable for use by fish industries within urban settlements such as Kisumu city in Kenya where land is scares and expensive. Further a comparative cost analysis for a containerized MBR system, activated sludge process (ASP) and wastewater stabilization ponds (WSP) treatment systems was conducted relative to treatment volume to determine their economic viability. The cost benefit analysis was calculated as the difference between total input and total output. The total input was the sum of capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operation expenditure (OPEX) while the total output was the cost per m3 of treated water generated and reused over the course of the plant life. The comparative analysis was conducted using basic cost model equations. The MBR system had a cost benefit of 13.1 €/m3d-1 which is approximately ≥ 99% with an assumption that all treated water generated is reused on site. The cost per m3 of treated water was estimated at 1.32€/m3d-1. The results obtained from the correlation cost curves demonstrated that MBR systems with flow capacity of 10m3d-1 to 45m3d-1 are more economical in terms of CAPEX relative to ASP and WSP whose investment cost is driven higher by cost of land. Correlation cost curves showed a high OPEX for MBR systems attributed to high energy requirement. However, MBR systems encourage reuse of the treated water thus becomes economical in the long run over the course of the plant life. Containerized MBR systems were found to be more appropriate for use by industries operating in the urban centers in Kisumu where land is expensive, relative to ASP and WSP that require high capital cost for acquiring land and for construction.