Browsing by Author "Kuguru, Baraka"

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    Estuarize-WIO: A socio-ecological assessment of small-scale fisheries in estuaries of the Western Indian Ocean
    (Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, 2021-12-23) Groeneveld, Johan C.; Hoguane, Antonio M.; Kuguru, Baraka; Mackay, Fiona; Munga, Cosmas; Santos, Jorge
    Estuaries provide unique ecosystem goods and services and have been focal points for human settlement and resource use throughout recorded history. In the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region, the effects of human population growth, rapid economic development and climate change on estuaries threaten their ecological functioning and the sustainability of estuary-dependent livelihoods. Governance systems are ill-equipped to deal with the mounting challenges. Longterm datasets that describe estuary-scale trends are scarce, and socio-ecological interactions that support sustainable use of resources are incompletely understood. To address these gaps, the Estuarize-WIO project (2016-2019) compiled datasets on biophysical, ecological, socioeconomic and fisheries aspects of selected estuaries in Mozambique (Bons Sinais), Tanzania (Ruvu) and Kenya (Tana), analysed trends per estuary, and used a socio-ecological systems (SES) framework to integrate information from multiple sources at local and regional levels. The introductory paper of this Special Issue of the Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science provides regional context and reviews the relevant literature available for WIO estuaries. In succeeding papers, estuarine circulation is inferred from hydrological measurements, seasonal and decadal trends in land cover and land use are investigated using remote sensing images, household surveys are used to investigate socio-economic circumstances and resource use, and long-term catch survey data and field samples are used to describe small-scale fisheries. In the synthesis paper, a SES framework is constructed to investigate linkages and feedback loops in individual estuaries. A regionally comparative analysis accross the WIO region was conducted, and recommendations were made for future research and governance. The methodological approach developed for Estuarize-WIO is well-suited to research of data poor systems with limited accessibility and research infrastructure.
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    Reprint of : Fishers who rely on mangroves: Modelling and mapping the global intensity of mangrove-associated fisheries
    (Elsevier, 2021-01-05) zu Ermgassen, Philine S.E.; Mukherjee, Nibedita; Worthington, Thomas A.; Acosta, Alejandro; da Rocha Araujo, Ana Rosa; Beitl, Christine M.; Castellanos-Galindo, Gustavo A.; Cunha-Lignon, Marília; Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid; Diele, Karen; Parrett, Cara L.; Dwyer, Patrick G.; Gair,Jonathan R.; Johnson, Andrew Frederick; Kuguru, Baraka; Lobo, Aaron Savio; Loneragan, Neil R.; Longley-Wood, Kate; Mendonça, Jocemar Tomasino; Meynecke, Jan-Olaf; Mandal, Roland Nathan; Munga, Cosmas Nzaka; Reguero, Borja G.; Rönnbäck, Patrik; Thorley, Julia; Wolff, Matthias; Spalding, Mark
    Mangroves are critical nursery habitats for fish and invertebrates, providing livelihoods for many coastal communities. Despite their importance, there is currently no estimate of the number of fishers engaged in mangrove associated fisheries, nor of the fishing intensity associated with mangroves at a global scale. We address these gaps by developing a global model of mangrove associated fisher numbers and mangrove fishing intensity. To develop the model, we undertook a three-round Delphi process with mangrove fisheries experts to identify the key drivers of mangrove fishing intensity. We then developed a conceptual model of intensity of mangrove fishing using those factors identified both as being important and for which appropriate global data could be found or developed. These factors were non-urban population, distance to market, distance to mangroves and other fishing grounds, and storm events. By projecting this conceptual model using geospatial datasets, we were able to estimate the number and distribution of mangrove associated fishers and the intensity of fishing in mangroves. We estimate there are 4.1 million mangrove associated fishers globally, with the highest number of mangrove fishers found in Indonesia, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Brazil. Mangrove fishing intensity was greatest throughout Asia, and to a lesser extent West and Central Africa, and Central and South America.