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Schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminthiasis, and malaria co-infections among women of reproductive age in rural communities of Kwale County, coastal Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorJeza, Victor Tunje
dc.contributor.authorMutuku, Francis
dc.contributor.authorKaduka, Lydia
dc.contributor.authorMwandawiro, Charles
dc.contributor.authorMasaku, Janet
dc.contributor.authorOkoyo, Collins
dc.contributor.authorKanyi, Henry
dc.contributor.authorKamau, Joyce
dc.contributor.authorNg’ang’a, Zipporah
dc.contributor.authorKihara, Jimmy Hussein
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-06T11:13:36Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-19
dc.descriptionArticle
dc.description.abstractBackground: Schistosoma haematobium, soil transmitted helminthes (STH), and malaria lead to a double burden in pregnancy that eventually leads to poor immunity, increased susceptibility to other infections, and poor pregnancy outcomes. Many studies have been carried out on preschool and school aged children but very little has been done among the at risk adult population including women of reproductive age (WRA). Our current study sought to establish the risk factors and burden of co-infection with S. haematobium, STH, and Plasmodium sp. among WRA in Kwale County, Coastal Kenya. Methods: A total of 534 WRA between the ages of 15–50 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from four villages; Bilashaka and Mwaluphamba in Matuga sub-County, and Mwachinga and Dumbule in Kinango sub-County. Socio-demographic information was collected using a pretested standardized questionnaire. Parasitological examination was done using urine filtration method for Schistosoma haematobium, Kato Katz for STH (Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm, Trichuris trichiura), and standard slide microscopy for Plasmodium sp. Statistical analyses were carried out using STATA version 15.1. Results: The overall prevalence of S. haematobium was 3.8% (95% CI: 2.6–5.4) while that for malaria was 4.9% (95% CI: 2.0–11.7). The prevalence of STH was 5.6% (95% CI: 2.8–11.3) with overall prevalence of 5.3% (95% CI: 2.5–10.9) for hookworm and 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2–1.9) for T. trichiura. The occurrence of co-infection was low and was recorded between S. haematobium and P. falciparum (0.6%), followed by S. haematobium and STH (0.4%).Among pregnant women, 2.6% had co-infection with S. haematobium and P. falciparum. Only 1.3% had co-infection with S. haematobium and hookworm or T. trichiura. Among non-pregnant women, co-infection with S. haematobium and P. falciparum was 0.2%. Similarly, co-infection with S. haematobium and hookworm or T. trichiura was 0.2%.Bed net ownership and usage among pregnant women was 87.8 and 96.6%, respectively. 66.3% of the women reported using improved water sources for drinking while 78.1% reported using improved sanitation facilities. Conclusion: The use of improved WASH activities might have contributed to the low prevalence of STHs and S. haematobium infections. Further, bed net ownership and usage might have resulted in the low prevalence of Plasmodium sp. infections observed.
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Research Fund (NRF)
dc.identifier.citationJeza, V. T., Mutuku, F., Kaduka, L., Mwandawiro, C., Masaku, J., Okoyo, C., ... & Kihara, J. H. (2022). Schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminthiasis, and malaria co-infections among women of reproductive age in rural communities of Kwale County, coastal Kenya. BMC public health, 22(1), 136.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12526-0
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.nrf.go.ke/handle/123456789/1180
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBMC Public Health
dc.subject: S. Haematobium
dc.subjectSTH
dc.subjectMalaria
dc.subjectCo-infections
dc.subjectWRA
dc.subjectCoastal Kenya
dc.titleSchistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminthiasis, and malaria co-infections among women of reproductive age in rural communities of Kwale County, coastal Kenya
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication

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