Agroforestry

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.nrf.go.ke/handle/123456789/785

Browse

Browsing Agroforestry by Funder "N/A"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Agriculture Projects Offered for Examinations in Secondary Education:: Perceptions towards Factors Influencing Initiation and Implementation in Kisii District,Kenya Paperback
    (‎ LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2012-03-14) Nyang'au Martha K.
    Agriculture projects were introduced in Secondary Education examinations in 1989 to equip learners with basic skills for self-reliance. However, the primary objective is often down played. The initiation and implementation of the projects might be poor since schools struggle to exploit the examination process at the expense of equipping learners with the practical skills; hence there is need for improvement. It is recommended that the Ministry of Education should organize regular workshops to develop and sustain the positive perceptions of school principals and agriculture teachers towards factors influencing project initiation and implementation. And to encourage co-operation among them during initiation. Further, the Ministry, should incorporate in the training curriculum for agriculture educators the factors perceived to be influencing the projects. School principals, and possibly Board of Governors should provide financial resources to improve and sustain positive perceptions of learners towards the factors influencing implementation of the projects
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Flavour Compounds in Backslop Fermented Uji (An East African Sour Porridge)
    (ResearchGate, 2000-12) Onyango Calvin; Heike Raddatz; Bley Thomas
    The potential of Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediococcus pentocaceus, Lactobacillus cellobiosus, different mixtures of these lactic acid bacteria and backslop starter cultures to acidify and form flavour compounds in uji was investigated. The bacteria chosen are the most prevalent species in fermented uji. Flavour compounds were analysed using GC-MS and GC-FID with HP5 non-polar column and DB-Wax polar columns respectively. Use of pure single or mixed cultures did not improve the flavour profile of fermented uji. On the basis of peak areas of unfermented and fermented uji aromagrams, pentanal, hexanal and hexadecanoic, 9,12-octadecadienoic, oleic and octadecanoic acids were found to be native to the flours, while 3-methyl-1-butanol, octanoate, nonanoate, hexadecanoate, linoleate, oleate and hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic and nonanoic acids were synthesised during submerged culture fermentation. Ethanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, lactic acid and ethylacetate were synthesised prior to fermentation and synthesis of these compounds continued during fermentation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Haematological Response of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus Burchell 1822) Fingerlings Exposed to Different Concentrations of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tobaccum) Leaf Dust
    (International Scholarly Reseach, 2013-09-17) Safina M. Musa; Aura Christopher Mulanda; Ogello Erick Ochieng; Omondi Reuben; Charo-Karisa Harrison; Munguti Jonathan Mbonge
    The present study set out to investigate the haematological effects of tobacco leaf dust on African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, fingerlings, with a mean weight of 3.01 ± 1.25 g using “static renewal bioassay system” during a 120-hour bioassay exposure period. Water quality parameters such as pH and dissolved oxygen significantly decreased while total alkalinity and conductivity increased significantly in the exposed media, compared to the control test. Leucocytes counts increased significantly while erythrocytes counts decreased significantly with increasing concentration of tobacco dust. Packed cell volume significantly reduced with increase in the concentration of tobacco dust. Haematological examination showed that there was destruction of the erythrocytes production, and the concentration of haemoglobin was much lower in the exposed fish compared to the control depicting an anaemic condition. The results could provide baseline information for the safe limits of using tobacco leaf dust in fish ponds; hence 1.56 g L−1 concentration of tobacco leaf dust was recommended for pond preparation for Clarias gariepinus fingerling stocking. For better survival rates, the fish should only be introduced in the pond after three days of tobacco application.